Understanding of fertility (taking a chance at pregnancy) in a couple starts with the knowledge of normal physiology in the body. In most of the cycles in a lady the body starts developing a single follicle (very rarely more than one) which grows in the ovary and is released near the middle of the cycle. The egg will travel through the fallopian tube where the gentle cilliary movements transport it towards the uterus. The egg will be viable for around 20 hours in the body during which healthy motile sperms, if deposited in the lower genital tract will travel to the fallopian tube and fertilise the egg. The fertilised egg will need 2-3 days more in its journey to get implanted in the uterine bed where it will develop into a fully grown baby. This process simple as it seems is not full proof. It is very rare for a couple to conceive in their first few attempts. In fact the chances that a couple with all normal parameters (male and female) stand at around 10-15% every month. This means that a couple with the female partner having regular periods, and male partner with normal semen parameters can try monthly and about 85% of them will conceive spontaneously with regular attempts in about an year. About 90% will have conceived having tried regularly for 2 consecutive years. For those who do not have normal investigations or have other co-morbidities need not wait even for an year or two to get investigated. In such couples where male or female parameters are not in the normal range or have other co-morbidities it is advised that after 6 months of unsuccessful attempts at pregnancy they should consult and get investigated. We can use the knowledge of the basic anatomy and physiology to our advantage and with some help of basic investigations and guidance of your fertility consultant improve the chances of achieving a pregnancy.